Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
Summarize a Text's Main Idea
Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text.
Describing Characters
Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., a character's thoughts, words, or actions).
Meaning of Words and Phrases
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean).
Poems, Drama, and Prose
Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts of characters, settings, descriptions, dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text.
Different Points of View
Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first- and third-person narrations.
Compare a Story and Visuals
Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text.
Compare and Contrast Themes
Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes and topics (e.g., opposition of good and evil) and patterns of events (e.g., the quest) in stories, myths, and traditional literature from different cultures.
Inferences and Conclusions
Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
Main Ideas and Details
Determine the main idea of a text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize the text.
Science Texts: Events and Steps
Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific information in the text.
Describing Text Structure
Describe the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in a text or part of a text.
Compare and Contrast Two Views
Compare and contrast a firsthand and secondhand account of the same event or topic; describe the differences in focus and the information provided.
Graphics to Understand a Text
Interpret information presented visually, orally, or quantitatively (e.g., in charts, graphs, diagrams, time lines, animations, or interactive elements on Web pages) and explain how the information contributes to an understanding of the text in which it appears.
Developing Arguments
Explain how an author uses reasons and evidence to support particular points in a text.
Be an Expert: Use Multiple Texts
Integrate information from two texts on the same topic in order to write or speak about the subject knowledgeably.
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